False-Positive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Nucleic Acid Amplification Test After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy With Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic option for hematologic malignancies. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) amplifying 5′ long terminal repeat and gag genes cross-react with lentiviral vector-based CAR T-cell products. Cross-reactivity between CAR T-cell products and HIV NAATs may lead to false-positive test results.