Scientific basis and technologies of anthracite replacement at thermal power plants

Abstract

Purpose. The development and implementation of technologies for partial and total replacement of anthracite by domestic bituminous coal and fuel mixtures at thermal power plants of Ukraine. Methodology. Theoretical and experimental studies on the processes of combustion of coal and solid fuel biomass in the pulverized coal flame. Industrial tests at TPPs and CHPPs. findings. Technical solutions in conditions of termination of Donetsk anthracite for combusting nondesigned fuels and fuel mixtures at 7 thermal power plants are developed. Four anthracite boilers at two thermal power plants have been converted to gas coal and got a new start, while four combined heat and power plants are being converted to such fuels. originality. Determination of kinetic characteristics of pyrolysis and combustion of coal of different metamorphism rank, of coal mixtures and solid fuel biomass, improvement of methods for calculation of the dynamics of coal and fuel mixtures combustion in conditions of pulverized coal flame, of methods for estimation and regulation of pulverized coal inclination to spontaneous ignition and explosion. Practical value. The findings of this study have solved the strategic problem of uninterrupted energy and heat supply from TPPs and CHPPs of Ukraine in crisis conditions of interruption of Donetsk anthracite supplies due to the war actions in the East, the problem of conversion of anthracite power units to bituminous coal of domestic production with the improvement of technical, economic and environmental indicators, expanded the fuel base of TPPs which work on anthracite, and identified the ways to efficient use of Donetsk anthracite after Donbass reintegration. The technical solutions developed have significant prospects for further implementation.