Emerging Roles of C-C Motif Ligand 11 (CCL11) in Cancers and Liver Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Abstract

C-C motif ligand 11 (CCL11) is a multifunctional chemokine that regulates immunity, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. In addition to its allergic inflammation role, CCL11 exhibits context-dependent dual functions in relation to cancer progression. In liver diseases, it mediates injury, fibrosis, and inflammation while serving as a disease biomarker. This review systematically examines CCL11–receptor interactions and their immunomodulatory mechanisms in cancers and hepatic pathologies. We highlight CCL11’s therapeutic potential as both a prognostic marker and immunotherapeutic target. By integrating molecular and clinical insights, this work advances the understanding of CCL11’s pathophysiological roles and facilitates targeted therapy development.