Sustainable Lighting Retrofit for Energy Efficiency in Institutional Buildings

Abstract

Lighting systems are essential for ensuring visibility, comfort, and safety in buildings, yet they account for a significant share of overall energy consumption. Improving the efficiency requires not only adopting low-consumption technologies but also implementing strategies aligned with actual usage patterns. At Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), the lighting infrastructure at Satria Residence College relied heavily on conventional fluorescent lamps without proper control, leading to substantial energy waste. This study proposes and implements a cost-effective retrofit that replaces fluorescent lamps with light-emitting diode (LED) luminaires to enhance energy efficiency and occupant comfort. The research was conducted in phases: assessing the existing layout and consumption using DIALux Evo software, replacing the current fixtures with LED alternatives, and testing new configurations to further reduce energy use. The simulation results showed significant reductions in electricity consumption while maintaining proper lighting performance and uniformity. This project demonstrated a scalable, software-based approach to improving lighting efficiency that supported UTeM’s long-term sustainability efforts. It directly supported Sustainable Development Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) by promoting better energy management practices in institutional settings. In conclusion, the outcomes confirmed that substantial energy savings could be achieved while maintaining occupant comfort, contributing to more sustainable and responsible energy consumption.