Hydrogeomorphic wetland classes in minas gerais

Abstract

Wetlands perform numerous hydrogeomorphological (HGM) functions essential for the protection of water systems, acting in the protection of water quality, flood control, recharge and discharge of aquifers and maintenance of water bodies. One of the main ways to characterize wetlands according to their functions occurs through HGM classifications. In order to do so, this work aims to present a proposal for hydrogeomorphological classification of wetlands in Minas Gerais (HGM Classes), based on the characteristics that compose them and the functions they play in the landscape. The development of the HGM Classes was based on the consultation and analysis of different types of classification systems based on hydrogeomorphology, followed by a survey of the physical aspects of the environments where there is formation and occurrence of wetlands in Minas Gerais. Five major wetlands HGM Classes were proposed: Floodplain Wetlands; Depression Wetlands; Wetlands High Flats; Seep Wetlands; and Valley-bottom Wetlands. The specificities of each class provide geomorphic setting, water sources, and hydrodynamics characteristics of the wetlands, as well as an overview of their distribution in the state. Also, it was identified which types of humid systems, soils and vegetation are generally associated with these mentioned characteristics, in order to provide a more integrated view of the physical aspects of each HGM class. Results can contribute to future research on the topic, and to the development of policies and instruments for the environmental protection of wetlands in Brazil and, especially, in Minas Gerais..