Polyurethane-based composites with promising antibacterial properties

Abstract

Polyurethane (PU) is a well-known synthetic polymer consisting of isocyanates, polyols, and chain extenders. The incorporation of fillers into the PU polymeric matrix, including inorganic nanomaterials, synthetic polymers, natural components, quaternary ammonium salts, and commercial drugs, bestows the end-products with unique and improved physicochemical properties. Fillers can be used to tailor the molecular orientation, crystallinity, cross-linking, and functional chemical groups of PU-based composites. The bactericidal ability of PU composites highly depends on their surface composition, morphology, charge, and stability. Recent advancements highlight the potential of PU composites in combating bacterial infections. In this review, the cutting-edge of inorganic and organic-based PU composites for antibacterial applications is addressed. Notably, selective examples of scientific reports' key findings and their crucial information on PU composites are discussed. Furthermore, the positive impact of PU composites on the future prospects of this field is explored. This review comprehensively deliberates the values of PU composites towards practical applications in the biomedical field of antibacterial activity. This review can help researchers to gain widespread knowledge and a better understanding of PU composites for antibacterial applications.