Understanding of HIV cure research in a rural community with high prevalence: the case of uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Abstract

Background: Curing HIV has become a scientific priority with the development of HIV cure-related research collaborations and increasing clinical efforts. However, for potential study communities the meaning of HIV cure-related research needs to be fully understood. Methods: We conducted qualitative research in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa investigating the knowledge and understanding of HIV cure. We used deliberative approaches to facilitate in-depth discussions. Five deliberative group discussions were conducted in IsiZulu (the local language) with five participants in each group. Data were audio-recorded and translated verbatim and transcribed into English in anonymised format. Data were later analysed thematically with three main themes identified: knowledge of HIV cure, HIV cure terminology and HIV cure trials. Results: Our findings showed that participants had a limited understanding of HIV cure-related research, a lack of trust regarding HIV cure science and participating in future cure trials. There were no local language terms used to describe HIV cure terminology, although several suggestions were shared in the discussions. Conclusions: Understanding the level of knowledge of rural populations regarding HIV cure-related research is essential for tailoring research and intervention strategies that meet their specific needs and circumstances. This can increase participation in the research and inform future HIV cure strategies.