Prevalence of Drinking within Low-Risk Guidelines during the First 2 Years after Inpatient Rehabilitation for Moderate or Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

The objective of this retrospective, longitudinal study was to investigate the prevalence of drinking within the recommended limits (i.e., low-risk drinking) after moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were drawn from the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research TBI Model Systems National Database, a longitudinal dataset closely representative of the US adult population requiring inpatient rehabilitation for TBI. The sample included 6348 adults with moderate or severe TBI (injured October 2006-May 2016) who received inpatient rehabilitation at a civilian TBI Model Systems center and completed the alcohol consumption items preinjury and 1 and 2 yrs postinjury. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism guidelines define low-risk drinking as no more than 4 drinks per day for men or 3 drinks per day for women and no more than 14 drinks per week for men or no more than 7 drinks per week for women. Low-risk drinking was common both before and after TBI, with more than 30% drinking in the low-risk level preinjury and more than 25% at 1 and 2 yrs postinjury. Postinjury, most drinkers consumed alcohol in the low-risk level regardless of preinjury drinking level. Definitive research on the long-term outcomes of low-risk alcohol consumption after more severe TBI should be a high priority.