Porous Biomaterials: Classification, Fabrication and Its Applications in Advanced Medical Science

Abstract

Biomaterials are natural or synthetic, alive or lifeless, and usually made of multiple components that interact with biological systems. In this article, it has been reported the applications of porous biomaterials in living bodies and its biocompatibility. Biocompatibility is related to the behaviour of biomaterials in various environments under various chemical and physical conditions. The term may refer to specific properties of a material without specifying where or how the material is to be used. Here, declared different types of biomaterials and their fabrication methods. And also studied various applications of porous biomaterials in medical and biological sciences. Now a day, biomaterials are used to make devices to replace a part or a function of the body with the help of advance surgical technique and instruments in safe, reliably economically and physiologically acceptable manner. This study also reported that the biomaterials comprise a varieties of properties such as biocompatible, bioactive, surface reactive, biodegradable, sterilizability, adequate mechanical and physical properties, manufacture ability, low weight and reasonable cost etc. The main focuses of this review was the applications of biomaterials in different parts of body. Replacement parts were heart, lung, eye, ear, bone, kidney, bladder, nerve stimulator and dental applications. Therefore, this article is focusing on three specific topics such as classification, fabrication methods and suitable implant applications in advances medical science.