Chemistry of pulses-macronutrients

Abstract

This chapter aims to discuss the macronutrients present in pulses. Pulses are an excellent source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and other minor components such as vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. Researchers have demonstrated that pulses could prevent or manage chronic health issues such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity and contribute to overall health and wellness. This chapter focuses on the current knowledge around major nutrients including certain classes of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Considerable genetic variation has been reported in the chemical composition of pulses both between and within species. Nevertheless, many efforts and further studies are still needed in order to disclose the mechanism(s) underlying the legume protein/peptide effects; to identify and characterize novel biological activities often “hidden” inside the polypeptide chains, and to establish clear dose-response relationships in order to calibrate the preparation and use as functional foods.