Internal Derangement of Temporomandibular Joint - A Review

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex, sensitive, and highly mobile joint. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a class of degenerative musculoskeletal conditions associated with morphologic and functional deformities that affect up to 25% of the population. The most frequent structural (as opposed to muscular) cause of TMD are Internal derangement , which involves progressive slipping a displacement of component of temporo mandibular joint called articular disc.The disc is a piece of cartilage located between the condyle (ball) and fossa (socket)of the joint.The disc can degenerate , becoming misshapes or even torn. Because the deranged joint willcontinue to try to function in an impaired manner, so that internal derangement disorder often get progressively worse with time. In the mechanically demanding and biochemically active environment of the TMJ, therapeutic conservative and surgical approaches that can restore joint functionality while responding to changes in the joint have become a necessity.