ESTIMATION of EMISSIONS by ROAD VEHICLES in the METROPOLITAN REGION of SALVADOR, BRAZIL

Abstract

This study focuses on atmospheric emissions from road vehicles in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (RMS), northeaster Brazil. To investigate and analyse the contributions to air pollution, the methodology proposed and developed by the Ministry of the Environment (MMA) is used in the 1st National Inventory of Road Vehicle Emissions in 2011, the application of which has been published annually by the State Environmental Company of São Paulo (CETESB), from the 1st Vehicle Emissions Report, of which electric, hybrid and CNG vehicles are not considered. Usually, in the preparation of inventories, the emission rates are estimated according to the circulating fleet categorized by tonnage (light/heavy and passenger/cargo), type of fuel used, intensity of use and emission factors. Emissions are due to exhaust, fuel evaporation rate and tire, brakes, and track wear. Although, the emission inventories present uncertainties associated with the calculation of emissions according to the characteristics of the fuel, the circulating fleet and the technology on board, these inventories are powerful tools in this type of research. In this sense, the objective of this work was to elaborate an inventory of emissions by road vehicles in the RMS, referring to the period from 2013 to 2017, to subsidize the management of air quality in the RMS. The results show that RMS owns 36.48% of the circulating fleet in the State of Bahia, comprising approximately 65% of automobiles and 7.0% of heavy vehicles (trucks and buses) and heavy vehicles emit the highest levels of NOx and PM, with approximately 84% and 70%, respectively.