Study on Callus Induction from Anther and Inflorescense Culture of Sorghum

Abstract

Five genotypes of Sorghum bicolor Moench and five MS basal media supplemented with two kinds of hormone at various concentration were tested for their response to anther culture. TX403 produced calli with the highest frequency. Anthers cultured on medium containing 2.0mgL-1 kinetin, 3.0mgL-1 2,4-D and 1,500mgL-1 gellan gum gave higher callus inducing rate of 1.25% than those cultured on other four medium. Frequency of callus producing decreased as anther aged. Rate of callus forming was high as panicle length ranged from 4.0 to 8.0 cm, corresponding with anther size ranged from 1,200 to 1,750 μm. The average number of plantlets regenerated derived from anthers with calli was 14.3%. Chromosome number of 20 from root-tip cells was found for most regenerated plantlets. For inflorescence culture, medium containing 2.5mgL-1 kinetin, 3.0mgL-1 2,4-D and 5,000mgL-1 agar powder gave callus forming rate of 39.4%. The young inflorescence was an excellent source for inflorescence culture.