Preemptive Analgesia: Intraperitoneal Local Anesthetic in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

The development of less expensive, smaller, and more reliable video cameras has revolutionized the design of laryngoscopes and the process of endotracheal intubation. The term video laryngoscopy defines a broad range of devices, distinct from fiberoptic bronchoscopes, in which a video camera is used in place of line-of-sight visualization to accomplish endotracheal intubation. Over a dozen laryngoscopes are marketed currently. Each model of video laryngoscope has its own unique strengths, weaknesses, and best applications. For the purposes of this review, video laryngoscopes are grouped into 3 different designs: stylets, guide channels, and video modifications of the tradi-tional (usually Macintosh) laryngoscope blades.