Imaging of Colonic and Rectal Cancer

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Thus, its early detection through screening and diagnostic techniques is the key in managing this condition. For this to be possible, it is necessary to know the risk factors and to choose the appropriate screening and diagnostic techniques for each case. Imaging also plays a key role in treatment planning by assessing both local and distance extension of the disease. The aim of this chapter is to make an overview of the currently available imaging techniques for diagnosis of colorectal cancer (ultrasound, computed tomography— CT, magnetic resonance imaging—MRI, and positron emission tomography—PET/ CT), focusing on specific and technical elements, benefits, costs, and limitations of each technique. Keywords: colon, rectum, imaging, ultrasonography, CT, MRI