Structural basis of different neutralization capabilities of monoclonal antibodies against H7N9 virus

Abstract

H7N9 viruses have caused severe infections in both birds and humans since their emergence in early 2013 in China. Their persistent presence and variation in avian populations pose a significant threat to both poultry and humans. There are no treatments for human infections. In this study, we thoroughly investigated the neutralization mechanisms, structural basis, and therapeutic effects of three nAbs (1H9, 2D7, and C4H4) against H7N9 viruses. We revealed the molecular determinants underlying the varied performances of the three nAbs in neutralizing H7N9 viruses and protecting H7N9-infected mice. These insights provide a solid foundation for the rational design of vaccines and therapeutics against H7N9 viruses.