Efectividad del té verde en el tratamiento de periodontitis crónica

Abstract

Green tea has been shown to have a wide range of physiological and pharmacological effects. In recent years, systematic studies performed mainly by Japanese researchers have evidenced the wide range of very useful antimicrobial properties of tea extracts. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of green tea in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Fifty male and female patients who attended the Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Rosario, Argntina, and had been diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. The selected patients had at least 3 periodontal pockets per quadrant, depth on probing ≤ 5 mm and proximal attachment loss ≤ 2 mm. The clinical endpoints assessed were Gingival Index (Loe y Silness, 1963), Bleeding on Probing (Val del Verden, 1979), Depth on Probing with a Marquis type probe and Level of Vertical Epithelial Attachment. Samples of subgingival plaque were obtained with sterile paper cones from the bottom of the periodontal pockets to evaluate microbiological efficacy. The samples were seeded in Agar Schlaeder medium - blood enriched with 1% hemine and vitamin K in anaerobiosis at 37°C for 5 days. Typification was performed employing the commercial semi-automatic method Api 20 A Biomerieux - France. The use of green tea extract coupled to mechanical periodontal therapy for chronic periodontitis was efficient in controlling these variables. However, when it was used coupled to root scaling and planning it did not significantly improve the control of anaerobic flora as compared to scaling and planing used alone.