A ComparativeAnalysis of 4% Chlorhexidine Versus Methylated Spirit as Prophylaxis of Omphalitis and Sepsis in Newborns

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 4% chlorhexidine and methylated spirit in newborns for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal sepsis. Material and Methods: This open label randomized control trial was carried out in neonatal unit of Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st September 2020 to 30th August 2021. After meeting the inclusion criteria, 300 neonates were enrolled. In group A 4% chlorhexidine was applied for cord care and in group B methylated spirit was used. Neonates were followed till 10th day of life, none was lost to the study. Careful examination was done for cord separation and for any signs of omphalitis or sepsis. Results: In Chlorhexidine group omphalitis was present in 56(37.3%) patients and in Methylated spirit group 66(44%) patients had omphalitis (p-value=0.240). In Chlorhexidine group 36(24%) patients while in Methylated spirit 50(33.3%) developed sepsis (p-value=0.074). Conclusion: Methylated spirit and 4% chlorhexidine are equally effective in newborns for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal sepsis.