Resonance-enhanced three-photon luminesce via lead halide perovskite metasurfaces for optical encoding

Abstract

Lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials for photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. However, their exceptional nonlinear properties have not been fully exploited in nanophotonics yet. Herein we fabricate methyl ammonium lead tri-bromide perovskite metasurfaces and explore their internal nonlinear processes. While both of third-order harmonic generation and three-photon luminescence are generated, the latter one is less affected by the material loss and has been significantly enhanced by a factor of 60. The corresponding simulation reveals that the improvement is caused by the resonant enhancement of incident laser. Interestingly, such kind of resonance-enhanced three-photon luminescence holds true for metasurfaces with a small period number of 4, enabling promising applications of perovskite metasurface in high-resolution nonlinear color nanoprinting and optical encoding. The encoded information ‘NANO’ is visible only when the incident laser is on-resonance. The off-resonance pumping and the single-photon excitation just produce a uniform dark or photoluminescence background.