Analysis of Factors Influencing Illegal Waste Dumping Generation Using GIS Spatial Regression Methods

Abstract

Illegal municipal waste dumping practices in developing countries may be impacted by many factors such as socioeconomic, demographic, availability of waste collection facilities, recycling sites, and spatial characteristics. This study uses spatial regression analysis to identify which factors primarily impact illegal waste dumping practices. For this purpose, 8 variables explain the data for the 177 subdistricts used in the spatial regression analysis. This study used ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) methods to build a regression model of the factors identified. OLS analysis showed that only elevation and population density were found to become determinants of illegal waste dumping activity based on spatial regression methods. Elevation above sea level is positively correlated while population density is negatively correlated with the number of illegal dumping generations. GWR shows a better statistical value than OLS, where the significance of the adjusted R-square increased from 0.24 to 0.61. This study may help reduce the number of illegal waste dumping practices, especially in a metro city context.