Prognostic Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-Coated Balloons

Abstract

Background: A drug-coated balloon (DCB) is an emerging treatment technology for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the prognostic factors of PCI with a DCB remain fully determined. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent PCI. The aim of this present study was to clarify the impact of CKD on prognosis in CAD patients who underwent PCI with a DCB. Methods: We enrolled 252 consecutive patients with CAD who underwent PCI with a DCB from 2015 to 2023. The endpoints of this study were composite events including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, stroke, and major bleeding. Results: The prevalence rate of CKD was 48%. Patients with CKD were older and had higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus than those without. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher composite event rate in patients with CKD (log-rank test, p = 0.003). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, CKD was independently associated with composite events after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio 1.985, 95% confidence intervals 1.157–3.406, p = 0.013), mainly driven by all-cause deaths. Conclusions: CKD was associated with unfavorable outcomes in CAD patients who underwent PCI with a DCB.