Sustainable MXene Synthesis via Molten Salt Method and Nano-Silicon Coating for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Battery Performance

Abstract

MXenes, a family of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and electrochemical performance, making them highly promising for diverse applications, particularly in energy storage. Despite notable advancements, MXene synthesis remains a critical challenge, as conventional methods often rely on hazardous hydrofluoric acid-based processes, posing substantial environmental and safety risks. In this study, we present an eco-friendly synthesis approach for MXenes using molten salt processes, which offer a safer, sustainable alternative while enabling scalable production. Additionally, we explore the development of high-performance battery anodes by fabricating nanocomposites of nano-silicon and MXene, followed by a bio-inspired polydopamine coating and carbonization process. This innovative strategy not only enhances the structural stability and electrochemical performance of the anodes but also aligns with environmentally conscious design principles. Our findings demonstrate the potential of eco-friendly MXene synthesis and nanocomposite materials in advancing sustainable energy storage technologies.