The influence of low donor age, living related donation and pre-emptive transplantation on end-organ damage based on arterial hypertension after paediatric kidney transplantation

Abstract

Background. To date, no study has described the pre-transplant and transplant risk factors for end-organ damage based on arterial hypertension in children after kidney transplantation (KTX). Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed of 206 children with KTX between 1991 and 2007. Patients <120 cm were excluded as no validated percentiles for 24-h ambulant blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) exist. Complete data sets were available for 116 patients. Data were recorded at 12, 24 and 36 months post-KTX. We analysed the influence of donor age, age at transplantation, pre-emptive transplantation, living or deceased transplantation and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) on the presence of end-organ damage, ABPM, ABPM standard deviation score and the numbers of anti-hypertensives used. Results. Lower donor age and the decade of transplantation were associated with less detection of end-organ damage (P = 0.001). A lower need for anti-hypertensive medication (P = 0.001) was detected in children who received organs from living donors and from deceased donors with a donor age <35 years and who were transplanted pre-emptively. Low recipient age was the only factor associated with lower ABPM (P = 0.001). In our study, the type of immunosuppressive regimen and the GFR had no influence on the blood pressure. Conclusions. It may be speculated that the risk of arterial hypertension and associated end-organ damage in children after KTX could be reduced by using organs from young donors with an advantage for living related and pre-emptive donation. © 2011 The Author.