An optimum thermal insulation type and thickness for residential buildings in three different climatic regions of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Efficient thermal insulation in the harsh desert climate of Saudi Arabia, where the cooling requirement of buildings is dominant, is very important from the aspect of energy efficiency. Through its eco-friendly properties, thermal insulation is one of the most efficient strategies for reducing energy use while providing the desired thermal comfort. In this study, the impact of thermal insulation type and thickness on reducing the annual energy consumption was evaluated for a sample prototype building located in three Saudi cities. DesignBuilder energy simulation tool has been used for more investigation such as the insulation cost benefits using the life-cycle cost model to knowing when to stop adding insulation. Results showed that applying thermal insulation to the walls and roof leads to a significant reduction in the total costs for all four insulation types. The results show that energy cost savings vary from 5.6 $/m2 to 9.7 $/m2 depending on the city climatic condition. On the other hand, the highest payback period value with 8.8 years in Khamis Mushait (Moderate climate), while the lowest value reached 4.7 years in Gazan (Hot-humid climate).