Wingate test performance in children with asthma: Aerobic or anaerobic limitation?

Abstract

To investigate the anaerobic capacity in children with bronchial asthma, eight male children with atopic asthma (age: 12 ± 1.7 yr) and seven healthy control subjects (age: 12 ± 1 yr) performed a 30-s all-out exercise test: the Wingate anaerobic test (WanT). Post-exercise plasma epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), venous blood lactate (La), and blood pH levels were determined. Peak power (Ppeak), mean power (Pm), and total energy expenditure (Wtot) during the Want were assessed. The relative importance of aerobic (WO2) and anaerobic (Wana) energy release during the WanT was also evaluated. In comparison with control subjects, the children with asthma exhibited lower Ppeak (W · kg-1): 6 ± 1.14 vs 7.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.05; lower Pm (W · kg-1): 4.7 ± 0.8 vs 5.9 ± 0.5, P < 0.05; and lower Wtot (Jg-1): 140.3 ± 25 vs 176.9 ± 19, P < 0.05. The relative contribution of WO2 (26%) and Wana (74%) to the Wtot was identical in both groups. Blood lactate and pH kinetics revealed significantly lower La values and less acidosis in the asthmatic group (P < 0.001). Lastly, E (pg · ml-1) concentrations were lower in the asthmatic group: 274.96 ± 84.58 vs 901.28 ± 604.76, P < 0.05. These results suggest a reduced anaerobic capacity in children with asthma. A diminished adrenergic response to exhausting exercise, leading to a decreased anaerobic glycolysis, could partly account for this phenomenon.