Composition, Importance Value and Diversity of Mangrove Trees in Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan

Abstract

The mangrove ecosystem in Kutai National Park (KNP) has an essential and strategic role. Maintaining mangroves' integrity as a conservation area needs to be improved, one of which is by recognizing floristic potential. The study was carried out on TNK mangrove forests in the East Kutai Regency to find the composition, importance value, and diversity index. Measurements were made on trees with a diameter of ≥ 10 cm and a plot size of 10 x 10 m as many as 168 plots. KNP mangroves have high species richness, founded 17 species and every 12 species in Lombok Bay, 13 species in Kaba Bay, and ten species in Pandan Bay Estuary. The species comes from 6 families with a density of 122-202 trees ha-1 , and the highest density was found in Pandan Bay Estuary. Species dominanted, i.e. Bruguiera gymnorrhysa, B sexangular, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, R mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and S caseolaris. The highest Important Values Index (IVI), i.e., B sexangular, B. gymnorrhysa, R mucronata, and R apiculata. The highest mangrove diversity index was found in Lombok Bay with a value above 0.9, while another two locations below 0.9. Furthermore, species with density and IVI are low, i.e., Xylocarpus granatum, Rhyzophora stylosa, Avicennia marina, A. alba, and Ceriops decandera.