Perkembangan Aplikasi Teknik Kriopreservasi untuk Konservasi dan Mendukung Program Pemuliaan Tanaman

Abstract

In the beginning, cryopreservation technique was primarily used for germplasms long-term storage as passive collection because cell division and metabolism process can be stopped at super low temperature, commonly in liquid nitrogen. The technique is suitable for vegetative propagated plants and recalcitrant seeds. Recently, its application is extending for storing many species and orthodox seeds. In this paper, the development of cryopreservation application is discussed. In Indonesia, cryopreservation is being studied but the application of cryopreservation has been significantly developed abroad. The application of cryopreservation technique is not only for preserving passive collections but also for storing active collections, including to provide plant materials for hybridization, cellular engineering, genetic transformation, as well as pathogens eradication or cryotherapy. It is concluded that cryopreservation plays an important role in conventional and modern plant breeding program.