Cryptosporidium spp. OOCYSTS and Giardia spp. CYSTS in COATIS (Nasua nasua L. 1766) from PARÁ, Brazil

Abstract

Zoonotic enteroparasitosis represent an important public health problem, and species of protozoa such as Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. can reach high frequencies in regions where basic sanitation conditions are poor, which promotes outbreaks of diarrhea in humans and domestic and wild animals. Wild mammals such as the South American coati (Nasua nasua) feed on insects present in the soil, fruits, and small vertebrates, and are susceptible to contamination by enteroparasites present in the environmental niche. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in N. nasua from a region in the Brazilian Amazon. Fecal samples of 27 coatis two from free-living and 25 from captivity were collected in three different municipalities in the state of Pará, Brazil. The search for Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in the collected samples were performed using the direct and Kinyoun methods, respectively, and a commercial immunological test (RIDA-QUICK Cryptosporidium/Giardia Combi. ®R-Biopharm) was used to detect antigens from both parasites. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were found in 11.1% (3/27) of the samples; one from a free-living animal and two from captive animals. Giardia spp. cysts were found in 11.1% (3/27) of the samples, all from captive animals. This is the first report of infection by these protozoans in this coati's species in the North region of Brazil; the South American coati may be participating as maintainers and disseminators of infectious agents to the environment and other hosts.