A review on opportunities and challenges of nitrogen removal from wastewater using microalgae

Abstract

This study provides information on the occurrence of nitrogenous contamination in surface water, their sources and their negative effects. In addition, the study gives an overview of the possible technical, institutional and scientific methods of various biotechnological approaches of nitrogen removal and their limitations. Microalgae have a high capacity for converting CO2 from the atmosphere into beneficial products, including carbohydrates, lipids, and other bioactive compounds. Microalgae act as biofuels that are sustainable, renewable, and cost-effective. The impact of various environmental conditions on the efficiency of nitrogenous waste removal by microalgal species was studied. Literature related to microalgae-based bioremediation has a large research area with increasing trend. A bibliometric study was undertaken Based on the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science, to examine the body of knowledge on microalgae generated nitrate removal from wastewater from the year 2011. A global map based on co-authorship and co-occurrence analysis for countries, research areas, authors and institutions is presented based on the bibliometric analysis method.