Effect of Agronomic and Morphological Characteristics of Glycine max L. Merrill in Advanced Separation

Abstract

Background and Objective: Assembly of soybean varieties through crossbred is an effort to recombine genetic to obtain a superior genotype. Genotypic clustering and character diversity assessment is the base for selection. The objective of the research was to group 30 genotypes as a result of crossbred and 6 parents based on agro morphological characters. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted from March-May, 2019 at Malang, Indonesia. The research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) by 3 replications. Materials of the research include 6 parents and 30 genotypes resulting from crossbred of 6 parents that are designed diallel, such as Anjasmoro (AJM), Tanggamus (TGM), Argopuro (AGP), Grobogan (GBG), Brawijaya 1 (UB 1) and Brawijaya 2 (UB 2). Results: Results for analysis of variance used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by Pearson correlation coefficient approach and 5 principal components were obtained and contributed to cumulative diversity values of 60.92%. The clustering analysis is based on Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) with similarity of Pearson correlation coefficient and agglomeration method of unweighted pair group method average (UPGMA and it generated 6 principal groups, which spread with a similarity coefficient of 98.15%. Conclusion: The appearance of morphological characters in each main component is classified into 5 components. The dendrogram results were classified into 2 major groups, the group I, which contained the GBGXTGM genotype and group II, which contained 35 genotypes. The distinction between groups I and II was made based on differences in leaf length, compound leaf width and leaf area.