Geomorphological processes and rock slope instabilities affecting the AlUla archaeological region

Abstract

The paper focuses on the preliminary assessment of the potential geo-hazards affecting the cultural heritage rock-cut sites of AlUla region. Its best-known site is Hegra, with more than 110 monumental tombs with elaborated facades carved directly into the sandstone rock. In addition, AlUla hosts a number of fascinating historical and archaeological sites such as its Old Town, surrounded by an ancient oasis, and Dadan, the capital of the Dadan and Lihyan kingdoms. The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach mainly aimed at evaluating characteristics of rock masses, rock degradation processes, slope instabilities and best practices for heritage preservation and future management. The most appropriate mitigation and consolidation measures to contrast the ongoing threats, also in the view of rediscovering the traditional knowledge of local conservation techniques and implementing sustainable low impact monitoring technologies, are also analysed.