A fluorodeoxyglucose avid mediastinal parathyroid adenoma masquerading as metastatic bladder cancer

Abstract

A 64-year old male with a prior medical history of bladder transitional cell carcinoma treated with a cystoprostatectomy and adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy 10 years earlier underwent a surveillance positron emission tomography (PET) scan that revealed a metabolically active 2-cm nodule in the superior mediastinum, anterior to the origin of the innominate artery. The lesion was removed due to concerns of metastatic disease using a cervical mediastinoscope. Final pathology revealed an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. The combination of the rare presentation, uncommon surgical approach and pathology makes this case unique. © 2012 The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.