Effect of Periodontal Disease on Long-Term Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for De Novo Coronary Lesions in Non-Smokers

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of periodontal disease (PD) on the outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods and Results: The study included 77 consecutive non-smoking patients with de novo coronary lesions treated with a drugeluting stent (DES). Periodontal measurements, including the community periodontal index (CPI), were performed by independent periodontists. A CPI score of ≥3 was used to define PD. The occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), which were defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, or non-target lesion revascularization, was compared between patients with and without PD. Of the 77 patients, 49 (63.6%) exhibited a CPI score of 3 or 4 and were assigned to the PD group. The remaining 28 patients (36.4%) were assigned to the non-PD group. Baseline clinical characteristics and angiographic findings were comparable between the 2 groups. MACEs occurred in 13 (26.5%) of the PD patients and 2 (7.1%) of the non-PD patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly lower MACE-free survival rate in the PD group than for the non-PD group (P=0.034). Conclusions: PD at baseline was associated with an increased risk of MACEs in CAD patients who were treated with a DES for de novo coronary lesions.