Kajian Kerapatan Tanam dengan Berbagai Arah Baris pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sorgum Manis (Sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench)

  • cakra yusuf A
  • Soelistyono R
  • Sudiarso S
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Abstract

ABSTRAK Perbaikan faktor lingkungan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sorgum manis, salah satu alternatif yang dapat ditempuh dengan memanfaatkan sumberdaya yang telah tersedia. Diantaranya adalah energi radiasi matahari yang berperan dalam proses fotosintesis. Arah baris dan kerapatan populasi tanaman mempengaruhi besarnya energi matahari yang diterima. Sehingga, perlu adanya pengaturan arah baris dan jarak tanam yang tepat agar penerimaan energi radiasi oleh tanaman lebih efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Petak Terbagi (RPT). Penelitian terdiri dari 2 (dua) faktor perlakuan dan 4 (empat) ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah arah baris timut-barat (TB) dan utara-selatan (US) Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah jarak tanam (JT15, JT30 dan JT45). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arah baris utara-selatan meningkatkan bobot kering total tanaman umur 53 hst sebesar 36,71% apabila dibandingkan dengan arah baris timur-barat. Jarak tanam secara nyata meningkatkan komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sorgum manis. Pemberian jarak tanam JT45 memberikan bobot segar total tanaman umur 67 hst dan 81 hst sebesar 35,25%, namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan JT30. Pemberian jarak tanam JT45 memberikan bobot kering total tanaman umur 81 hst sebesar 11,30%, apabila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanam 75 x 30 cm dan peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 40,84% apabila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan jarak tanam 75 x 15 cm. Hasil panen biji kering jarak tanam 75 x 15 cm menunjukkan hasil yang lebih tinggi, dimana rata-rata hasil panen biji kering sebesar 3,84 ton h-1 Kata kunci : kerapatan, arah baris, radiasi. ABSTRACT Improvement of environmental factors could increase the growth and yield of sweet sorghum, one of alternative that could be simply done is by utilizing resources that have been available in environmental. One of them is solar radiation that plays an ultimate role in the process of photosynthesis. We could reach the optimum of solar radiation energy by directing rows and density of plant population. It is true that there is a need for proper arrangement of direction and spacing so that the acceptance of energy by plants is more efficient. This research uses Randomized Plot Design (RPD). The study consisted of 2 (two) treatment factors and 4 (four) replications. The first factor is the direction of the east-west (EW) and north-south (NS) lines while the second factor is the spacing (JT15, JT30 and JT45). The results showed that the north-south row direction increased the total dry weight of 53 dap plant by 36.71% compared to the east-west row direction. Plant spacing significantly increases the growth component and the result of sweet sorghum plant. JT45 plant spacing gave a total weight of 67 dap and 81 dap for 35.25%, but not significantly different from JT30. JT45 plant spacing gave the total dry weight of 81 dap of 11.30%, equivalent to 75 x 30 cm plant treatment and an average increase of 40.84% compared to 75 x 15 cm planting. Dry seed yield of 75 x 15 cm spacing showed higher yield, where average dry seed yield was 3.84 tons h-1 .

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APA

cakra yusuf, andi, Soelistyono, R., & Sudiarso, S. (2017). Kajian Kerapatan Tanam dengan Berbagai Arah Baris pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sorgum Manis (Sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench). Biotropika - Journal of Tropical Biology, 5(3), 86–89. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2017.005.03.5

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