Geriatric fractures in single Orthopedic Hospital: The role of domestic fall and comprehensive geriatric assessment

Abstract

Background: The geriatric population has continued to grow globally. The incidence of geriatric fractures increases along with the population. The geriatric assessment could be useful to build a warning sign for the fall risk. Aim: The authors aimed to describe the geriatric fractures; the factors affecting; to further give recommendation regarding its prevention and management. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 741 patients with geriatric fractures admitted to Surabaya Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital from 2012-2017. All data acquired from medical records. Results: The number of female patients in our study are three times the male patients. The distribution of the cases across ethnicity, gender, and different age group were quite similar. The case of vertebral and hip fracture was significantly higher. Domestic accident was the mechanism of injury in 80% of all cases, and this MOI is significant across all fracture types. Only 32% patients do not have confounding disease. However 25% has diabetes mellitus, and 42% has hypertension. Although patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, moderate to severe anemia, and hyponatremia were more frequent but not significant to be the risk factor for certain fracture type. Conclusion: Domestic accident, female, and cofounding disease were the most common factors found for all type of fractures. The most common geriatric fractures admitted to our institution were hip and vertebral fractures.