Variação no número de glândulas e produção de óleo em flores de Stigmaphyllon paralias A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae)

Abstract

A population of Stigmaphyllon paralias (Malpighiaceae) was studied in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Variation of the number of oil glands and oil production in the flowers were analized. 76% of the individuals did not present variation on the number of glands among their flowers, 41% presented flowers with 10 glands, 31% with eight glands and 4% with nine glands. In the flowers of the morphs with eight or nine glands, the absent glands were always associated to the inferior sepal. Only Centris leprieuri and Epicharis sp. (Apidae: Centridini) visited flowers of S. paralias, collecting oil as rewarding. The inferior sepal is located under the pollinator abdomen when it is standing in the flower, therefore being inaccessible for oil collection. We suggest that the occurrence of glands not utilized by pollinators has allowed the appearance of morphs in the populations that do not present those glands. All glands of all flower morphs are functional. Flowers of the two more representative morphs, bearing eight and 10 glands, produce the same amount of oil. Glands of flowers with lower number of glands (eight) increase nearly 20% plus oil production, compensating oil production per flower.