Introduction: Indigenous peoples and autonomy in Latin America

Abstract

At the threshold of the twenty-first century, the concept of autonomy is a disputed term within academia and among different social sectors globally and regionally. In particular, the meaning of the term ‘autonomy’ remains elusive and highly contested in the relationships between Indigenous Peoples and Latin American states. The case studies and reflections presented in this special issue provide evidence that the concept of autonomy is not enough to understand the complex relationships between Indigenous Peoples and the kind of state that prevails today in Latin America. Throughout the region, capitalism as a global mode of production continues to expand and dominate, liberal democracy is characterized by limited levels of pluri-cultural participation in state decision-making, and there is widespread corruption and abuse of power among state officials at different levels. Moreover, liberal democracy continues to disregard the pressing socio-economic needs of the low-income sectors of society, in particular Indigenous Peoples. After reviewing the materials included in the special issue, this introductory essay argues that a theoretical convergence between decolonial and Indigenous studies and scholarship can offer an enhanced perspective for interpreting the meaning of autonomy.