Response of Coccinella septempunctata and Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to their aphid prey, Lipaphis erysimi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in rapeseed-mustard

Abstract

During a three year study in rapeseed-mustard crop, the response of two ladybird species, Coccinella septempunctata and Menochilus sexmaculatus was dependent upon density and time of appearance of their prey. Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi appeared during the second (2000 and 2001) and last (2002) week of January. Aphid appearance was highly dependent on the phenological stage of the host plant. It appeared earlier in rapeseed, Brassica campestris var. BSH-1 than mustard, Brassica juncea var. RH-30. The ladybird beetle's eggs were observed in the last week of January, 4-5 weeks before the maximum aphid population. A correlation between aphid number and the abundance of ladybirds' life stages (egg, larva and beetle) on these host plants revealed that the egg and larval density was positively correlated to aphid numbers. Adult beetles, however, did not show significant positive correlation with aphid numbers during all the three years of study. Coccinella septempunctata was more abundant than Menochilus sexmaculatus in these crops. Menochilus sexmaculatus population disappeared earlier than Coccinella septempunctata which was abundant until end of the crop season.