Effects of Coral Reef Destruction on Humans and the Environment

Abstract

Coral reefs are home to a rich biodiversity and one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. It provides home to 35,000–60,000 species of plants and animals (over 25% of all marine life), many of which have not been described by science. It provides food, employment, and tourism to people, protecting coastal areas from storm surges; and acts as nesting grounds for many species of fish that are important for commerce. In recent years, several natural and anthropogenic disturbances have damaged the coral reefs of the world a number of events, including pollution, overfishing, destructive fishing methods, boat anchor falls, tourism, mining coral for building materials, and a warming climate, are destroying coral reefs. To reduce the destruction of coral reefs, mitigation measures, encourage sustainable fishing, following all safety precautions when visiting coral reef areas, provide alternative management plans such as coral restoration, artificial reef management, and coral nurseries to improve the coral cover in degraded areas and also increase public awareness and stewardship program related to coral reef and its associated biota, reduce plastic pollution in the ocean.