Effect of Braden Score-Guided Targeted Nursing Interventions on Preventing Intraoperative Pressure Ulcers in Aortic Dissection Surgery

Abstract

Objective: This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to evaluate the effect of Braden score-guided targeted nursing interventions on preventing intraoperative pressure ulcers in aortic dissection (AD) surgery. Methods: A total of 120 patients who underwent AD surgery at the hospital between December 2023 and December 2024 were selected and randomly assigned to either the study group or the control group, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the study group received targeted nursing interventions guided by the Braden score in addition to routine care. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare the results between the two groups. Results: Following the implementation of targeted nursing interventions guided by the Braden score, the total nursing behavior scores for pressure ulcer prevention (95.67±3.41 vs 83.95±5.16), including all individual dimension scores (preoperative care: 56.71±2.43 vs 48.53±4.91; intraoperative care: 22.39±1.68 vs 17.64±2.75; postoperative care: 13.65±2.49 vs 10.48±2.51), were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of intraoperative pressure ulcers was notably lower in the study group (2.5%) than in the control group (17.5%) (P < 0.05). Additionally, the pressure ulcer area was significantly smaller (2.11±0.36 vs 4.98±1.14 cm2), and the duration of pressure ulcers was markedly shorter in the study group compared to the control group (2.73±1.24 vs 7.86±1.65 days) (P < 0.05). Nursing satisfaction levels were also significantly higher in the study group (97.5% vs 82.5%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Targeted nursing interventions guided by the Braden score demonstrated effectiveness in identifying risks of intraoperative pressure ulcers. The designed interventions enhanced the quality of nursing care in the operating room, reduced the incidence of pressure ulcers, and improved patient satisfaction.