Cardiogenic Shock Predicts Long-term Mortality in Hospital Survivors of STEMI Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) has a poor prognosis. Recently published data suggested, however, that CS does not affect long-term mortality in hospital survivors of STEMI. We investigated whether this could be confirmed in a larger cohort. Hypothesis: STEMI complicated by CS leads to worse long-term survival. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in 7412 consecutive patients with STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty). The predictive value of CS on long-term mortality was assessed in hospital survivors. Multivariate analysis, adjusting for differences in baseline variables, was performed to assess the independent prognostic value of CS. Results: Cardiogenic shock was observed in 387 patients (5.2%). The total in-hospital mortality was 254 (3.4%), and mortality was significantly higher in patients with CS (20.0% vs 2.6%; P < 0.001). The 1-year mortality in hospital survivors was 10.3% in patients with CS and 3.9% in patients without CS (P < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, CS was still a significant predictor of long-term mortality in hospital survivors (hazard ratio: 2.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.64-4.01). Conclusions: Cardiogenic shock remains a strong predictor of long-term mortality in hospital survivors of STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention.