E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury Complicated by Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Abstract

Since the initial reports regarding the nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) in August 2019 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a clear link has been established between EVALI and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing product use. We report a case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) as a complication of EVALI in an immunocompetent adolescent that resulted in a fatal outcome. We encourage physicians that are considering the diagnosis of EVALI be cognizant of the increased use of THC and other potential contaminants in vaping cartridges. IPA can be a fatal disease and early aggressive treatment is necessary.