Pulmonary Hypertension: Diagnosis and Management

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) affects 1% of people worldwide. Changes in the pulmonary vasculature, obstructive lesions in the pulmonary arteries, and an increase in pulmonary artery pressure are the hallmarks of PH, a progressive and deadly cardiovascular illness. These modifications result in a rise in right ventricular afterload, which frequently causes unfavorable right ventricular remodeling, right ventricular dysfunction and, in the end, mortality. One of the more severe and well-researched types of PH is pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is treatable with medication. The mechanisms involved in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone and proliferation are the focus of PAH as well as some other forms of PH. The main characteristics of PAH (group 1) are discussed in this article, along with new and existing treatment options for the condition.