Bioinspired Photoluminescent “Spider Web” as Ultrafast and Ultrasensitive Airflow–Acoustic Bimodal Sensor for Human–Computer Interaction and Intelligent Recognition

Abstract

Nature provides massive biomimetic design inspiration for constructing structural materials with desired performances. Spider webs can perceive vibrations generated by airflow and acoustic waves from prey and transfer the corresponding information to spiders. Herein, by mimicking the perception capability and structure of a spider web, an ultrafast and ultrasensitive airflow–acoustic bimodal sensor (HOF-TCPB@SF) is developed based on the postfunctionalization of hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF-TCPB) on silk film (SF) through hydrogen bonds. The “spider web-like” HOF-TCPB@SF possesses light weight and high elasticity, endowing this airflow sensor with superior properties including an ultralow detection limit (DL, 0.0076 m s–1), and excellent repeatability (480 cycles). As an acoustic sensor, HOF-TCPB@SF exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity (105140.77 cps Pa–1 cm–2) and ultralow DL (0.2980 dB), with the greatest response frequency of 375 Hz and the ability to identify multiple sounds. Moreover, both airflow and acoustic sensing processes show an ultrafast response speed (40 ms) and multiangle recognition response (0–180°). The perception mechanisms of airflow and acoustic stimuli are analyzed through finite element simulation. This bimodal sensor also achieves real-time airflow monitoring, speech recognition, and airflow–acoustic interoperability based on human–computer interaction, which holds great promise for applications in health care, tunnel engineering, weather forecasting, and intelligent textiles.