A woolenization of Urena lobata fiber

Abstract

The goal of this effort is to convert the coarse structure of Urena lobata fibers (ULF), an indigenous plant from tropical regions producing bast fiber, into a wool-like substance that may be employed in the textile industry.   This yarn is treated with 10%  (NaOH), 10% (Na₂CO₃), and 10% ammonia during the woolenization process. Each process seeks to copy the benefits of wool by changing the fiber qualities to increase their softness and moisture behavior.  Tensile strength, Young’s modulus, elongation at break, moisture content, and moisture recovery samples were evaluated by the ISO standard.  SEM helps to define the post-treatment geometry of the fiber surface.  The Results reveal treated yarn to be the stiffest with the greatest Young’s modulus (21.65 GPa) and tensile strength (2347.54 cN).  Tensile strength and modulus drop with increased NaOH concentration, even if elongation at break and moisture recovery substantially improve. The 20% NaOH-treated sample demonstrates the highest elongation (7.34%) and moisture recapture (17.49%), therefore showing greater flexibility and hygroscopicity—two critical properties of wool. With only a few adjustments, milder treatments such as 10% Na2CO3 and ammonia retain greater fiber integrity.