Optimized protein extraction protocol from human skin samples

Abstract

The skin is the largest organ in the body and is the site for a diverse set of diseases. Yet, given the complexity of the cutaneous tissue, there is a limited availability of data in the literature on skin proteomics. Here, we proposed an adapted and optimized protocol for the extraction of proteins from human skin, using a combination of chemical and mechanical lysis approaches. For this, we used of a lysis buffer containing 2% SDS, 50 mM TEAB, and a 1% protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail, in addition to Matrix A beads and a FastPrep-24 5G homogenizer. For the characterization of the samples, the obtained proteins were purified and digested using the SP3 method (Single-pot, solid phase, sample preparation), and analyzed by nano liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. In this way, we were able to identify around 6000 proteins in the skin samples from healthy individuals and patients with the fungal infection sporotrichosis. Our improved methodology could significantly enrich our understanding of skin biology and provide new perspectives for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cutaneous diseases.