Effect of Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.) Extract on the Islet Cells’ Number and Blood Glucose Levels of Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rat

Abstract

Effect of Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.) Extract on the Islet Cells’ Number and Blood Glucose Levels of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rat. This study was to know the effect of ethanol extract of mahogany (S. mahagoni Jacq.) seeds on the number of islet cells in the pancreatic Langerhans and blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic white rat (Rattus norvegicus). Twenty-five male rats were divided into five groups consists of: (C-) 1-mL/day aquadest without alloxan induction, (C+) 120 mg/kgBW alloxan and 1-mL/day aquadest, (T1, T2, T3) 120 mg/kgBW alloxan and 250, 500, 1000 mg/ kgBW of ethanol extract of mahogany seeds respectively. Alloxan were injected intraperitoneal with single dose and ethanol extract of mahogany seeds administered via intragastric gavage for 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, the number of islet cells in the pancreatic Langerhans was counted and blood glucose levels were measured. This research showed that the ethanol extract of mahogany seeds have antidiabetic effect that can repair damaged islet cells in the pancreatic Langerhans at effective dose of 500 mg/kgBW with a mean number of 151.83 ± 11.07 that significantly higher (p < 0.05) than treatment group 1 (T1), treatment group 3 (T3) and positive control group (C+) and also decreased the blood glucose levels from > 200 mg/dL to normal range (50–135 mg/dL). This is due to the antioxidant property of mahogany seeds extract which is beneficial in repairing pancreas damage due to oxidative stress.