Recent progress of manganese dioxide based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction

Abstract

This review discusses the OER reaction mechanism (AEM and LOM) and the research progress of MnO 2 -based OER catalysts. The optimization strategy of MnO 2 -based catalysts was summarized. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) represents an anodic reaction for a variety of sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies, such as hydrogen production, CO 2 reduction, etc. To realize the large-scale implementation of these technologies, the sluggish kinetics of the OER resulting from multi-step proton/electron transfer and occurring at the gas–liquid–solid triple-phase boundary needs to be accelerated. Manganese oxide-based (MnO x ) materials, especially MnO 2 , have become promising non-precious metal electrocatalysts for the OER under acidic conditions due to the good trade-off between catalytic activity and stability. This paper reviews the recent progress of MnO 2 -based materials to catalyze the OER through either the traditional adsorbent formation mechanism (AEM) or the emerging lattice-oxygen-mediated mechanism (LOM). Pure manganese dioxide OER catalysts with different crystalline structures and morphologies are summarized, while MnO 2 -based composite structures are also discussed, and the application of MnO 2 -based catalysts in PEMWEs is summarized. Critical challenges and future research directions are presented to hopefully help future research.