High AKAP8L expression predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a severe disease with high mortality, and is associated with poor prognosis and frequent lymphatic metastasis. Therefore, prognostic indicators for ESCC are urgently needed. A-kinase anchor-protein 8-like (AKAP8L) is a member of the A kinase anchor-protein (AKAPs) family and is overexpressed in many cancers. However, the role of AKAP8L in ESCC remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression patterns and prognostic value of AKAP8L in ESCC. Methods: The mRNA expression of AKAP8L was analyzed from the dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the AKAP8L expression in tissue microarray. Pearson’s chi-square test was carried out for the correlation analysis of clinicopathological features and AKAP8L expression. The prognostic significance of clinicopathological features and AKAP8L expression was determined by univariate and multivariate Cox hazard models. Kaplan–Meier survival curve was used for survival analysis. Results: We found that the mRNA level of AKAP8L was higher in tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues in TCGA and GEO dataset. High AKAP8L expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in ESCC patients (p = 0.0039). Besides, AKAP8L expression was highly expressed in patients with lymph node metastasis detected by ESCC tissue microarray (p = 0.0014). The comparison of the different clinicopathological features of ESCC between high and low AKAP8L expression groups revealed that high AKAP8L expression was related to lymph node stage (p = 0.041). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that high AKAP8L expression indicates an unfavorable progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in ESCC patients (p < 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that AKAP8L was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS in ESCC (p = 0.003 and p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that high expression of AKAP8L is associated with poor prognosis of ESCC and can be considered an independent risk factor for ESCC.