Microbiome signature and diversity profiling of normal skin of human in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background Studyinghumanskin-associated bacterial communities is crucial to understandinghumandiseases, disease progression, and their role in maintaining human health. Objectives: This study aimed to identify normal (healthy) skin microbiome signatures of eight individuals living in Jeddah, Makkah Al-Mukarramah region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study involved the analysis of resident skin microbiome in inner elbow of the right arm after ethical approval is issued and an informed consent form is signed by participant individuals. Results: Phylogenetic tree indicated the existence of four phyla, e.g., Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria. Firmicutes were shown to be the highest in abundance, while Bacteroidetes were the lowest. At the genus level, Staphylococcus was the highest in abundance, while Enterococcus was the lowest. At the species level, Bacilluscereus was the highest in abundance, while Roseomonasmucosa was the lowest. The analysis for the highly abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) indicated a dramatic difference between sexes referring to either genera or species of which Staphylococcussp., Erwiniasp., Pseudomonassp., Sphingomonassp., Corynebacteriumsp., Propionibacterium acnes, Kocuria palustris are higher in males, while Bacillus cereus, Bacillus sp., Erwinia sp., Corynebacterium sp., Micrococcus sp., Pseudomonassp. are lower in males. Conclusions: The study succeeded in detecting the skin microbiome of individuals in Saudi Arabia.